Unit 1: Introduction to Python
What is Python?
Python is a high-level, easy-to-read programming language that allows you to write code in a simple and straightforward way. It’s popular for its clean syntax and versatility, making it ideal for beginners and experts alike. Python is used in web development, data science, automation, machine learning, and more.
Why Python is Great for Beginners
1. Readable and Simple Syntax:
Python’s syntax closely resembles the English language, making it easier to understand. It doesn’t require punctuation like semicolons or curly braces, which are common in other languages. Instead, Python uses indentation to organize code.
2. Versatility:
Python is used in a wide range of fields:
• Web Development (e.g., Django, Flask)
• Data Science (e.g., pandas, NumPy)
• Machine Learning (e.g., TensorFlow, scikit-learn)
• Automation (e.g., scripts to automate repetitive tasks)
3. Large Community:
Python has a huge community of developers. This means you’ll always find resources, tutorials, and forums to help you solve problems and improve your skills.
Setting Up Python
1. Installing Python:
• Go to python.org, download the installer for your operating system, and run it.
• Ensure to check the box to “Add Python to PATH” during installation. This allows you to run Python from the command line.
• After installation, open the terminal and type python –version to check if it installed correctly.
2. Choosing a Text Editor or IDE:
You can use any text editor to write Python code, but an IDE like VS Code, PyCharm, or Jupyter Notebook makes it easier to write, debug, and test your programs.
Basic Python Syntax
1. Printing Output:
The print() function displays text or data on the screen.
2. Variables:
Variables are used to store data. You can assign values to variables using the = sign.
3. Data Types:
• Strings: Text wrapped in quotes (“Hello”).
• Integers: Whole numbers (10).
• Floats: Numbers with decimals (3.14).
• Booleans: True or False values.
4. Basic Arithmetic:
Python allows you to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Control Flow
1. If Statements:
Use if to make decisions. You can also use elif (else if) and else to check multiple conditions.
2. Loops:
• For Loops: Iterates over a sequence (like a list).